Ding, ding, bang, yakatyora imwe, uye ichi ndicho chimwe chezvishandiso zvinozivikanwa mulabhu yedu, glassware.Nzira yekuchenesa magirazi uye sei kuoma.

Pane zvakawanda zvaunofanira kuteerera panguva yekushandisa, unoziva here?

1. The use ye common glassware

(I) Pipette

1. Mutsara: Single mark pipette (inonzi hombe belly pipette), akapedza kudzidza pipette (isina kukwana discharge type, full discharge type, blow-out type)

1. Single mark pipette inoshandiswa kune pipette imwe vhoriyamu yemhinduro zvakarurama.Iyo dhayamita yechikamu chekumaka chepipette imwe chete idiki uye kururamisa kwakakwirira;Iyo indexing pipette ine dhayamita yakakura uye kurongeka kwakashata zvishoma.Naizvozvo, pakuyera huwandu hwehuwandu hwemhinduro, saizi inowirirana inowanzoshandiswa Single mark pipette pane indexing pipette.

1. Operation:

Pipetting: pakuedza kunoda kurongeka kwepamusoro, pukuta mvura yasara kubva kumuromo wepombi nebepa resefa, wozogeza mvura mukati nekunze kwemuromo wepombi nemvura yakamirira katatu kuti uone kuti kuzara kwepombi. yakabviswa yekushandisa mhinduro inoramba isina kuchinjika.Chenjera kuti usadzorere mhinduro kuti udzivise dilution uye kusvibiswa kwemhinduro.

Pakuisa pombi mhinduro yekushuvira, isa muromo wechubhu 1-2cm pazasi pemvura yemvura (yakadzika, yakawandisa mhinduro inonamatira kumadziro ekunze echubhu; yakanyanyisa kudzika: kusveta isina chinhu mushure mekudonha kwemvura).

Kuverenga: Mutsara wekuona uri pachiyero chakafanana nechepasi pe meniscus yemhinduro.

Kusununguka: muromo wechubhu unobata mukati memudziyo kuitira kuti chikepe chirereke uye chubhu yakamira.

Kusiiwa wakasununguka pamadziro: Pipette isati yabviswa kubva mugaba rekugamuchira, mirira kwemasekondi matatu kuti uone kuti mvura inoyerera ichibuda zvachose.

(2) volumetric flask

Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirira mhinduro yekunyatsogadzirisa.

Usati washandisa volumetric flasks, tarisa kana vhoriyamu yevhoriyamu flask inopindirana neinodiwa;Brown volumetric flasks inofanirwa kushandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvinonyungudika.Ingave plug yekukuya kana yepurasitiki plug inobvinza mvura.

1. Kuvuza bvunzo: wedzera mvura yepombi kunzvimbo iri padhuze nemutsara welabel, pura chivharo zvakasimba, dzvanya plug nemunwe wepamberi, mira bhodhoro rakatarisa pasi kwemaminetsi maviri, uye shandisa yakaoma sefa bepa kuti uone kana paine mvura inoyerera. gap remuromo webhodhoro.Kana pasina kubuda kwemvura, shandura cork 180 ° uye umire pamusoro wayo kwemamwe maminetsi maviri kuti utarise.

2. Notes:

Girazi tsvimbo dzinofanirwa kushandiswa pakuendesa mhinduro kune volumetric flasks;

Usabate bhodhoro muchanza cheruoko rwako kudzivirira kuwedzera kwemvura;

Kana vhoriyamu muvhoriyamu flask inosvika 3/4, zunza bhodhoro revhoriyamu kakati wandei (usatendeuke), kuita kuti mhinduro isanganise zvakanaka.Zvadaro isa volumetric bhodhoro patafura uye zvishoma nezvishoma uwedzere mvura kusvikira yava pedyo nemutsara 1cm, kumirira 1-2 maminitsi kuti usiye mhinduro inonamatira kumadziro ebhodhoro.Wedzera mvura kune yakaderera pazasi peinokotama yemvura level uye tangent kune chiratidzo;

Mushonga unopisa unofanirwa kunyoroveswa kusvika kukamuri tembiricha usati waiswa muvhoriyamu flask, zvikasadaro kukanganisa kwevhoriyamu kunogona kukonzerwa.

Bhodhoro revhoriyamu haigoni kubata mhinduro kwenguva yakareba, kunyanya lye, iyo inosvibisa girazi uye ichiita kuti cork inonamatira uye isingakwanisi kuzarura;

Kana bhodhoro revolumetric rinoshandiswa kumusoro, risuke nemvura.

Kana isina kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba, geza uye uibvise uye uipete nepepa.

1.  Washing method

Pasinei nokuti marudzi ose egirazi anoshandiswa murabhoritari yepanyama uye yemakemikari akachena kazhinji anokanganisa kuvimbika uye kurongeka kwemigumisiro yekuongorora, saka zvakakosha zvikuru kuve nechokwadi chokuti glassware inoshandiswa yakachena.

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekugeza glassware, iyo inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekuedzwa, chimiro chetsvina uye dhigirii rekusvibisa.Chiyero chekuyera chinoda kuyera mhinduro nenzira kwayo, hazvisi nyore kushandisa bhurashi pakuchenesa, nekuti bhurashi rinoshandiswa kwenguva yakareba, zviri nyore kupfeka madziro emukati emushonga wekuyeresa, uye zvinhu kuti zvive. kuyerwa hakusi kwechokwadi.

Glass ware utsanana kuongororwa: madziro emukati anofanira kunyoroveswa zvachose nemvura pasina mabheji.

Kuchenesa nzira:

(1) Geza nemvura;

(2) Geza ne detergent kana sipo solution (iyi nzira haikurudzirwi chromatography kana mass spectrometry experiments, surfactants haisi nyore kuchenesa, iyo inogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekuedza);

(3) Shandisa chromium lotion (20g potassium dichromate inonyungudutswa mu40g mvura inopisa uye yakabvongodzwa, uyezve 360g industrial concentrated hydrochloric acid inowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma): ine simba rakasimba rekubvisa mafuta kubva kune organic matter, asi inoparadza zvakanyanya uye ine imwe toxicity.Chenjerera kune kuchengeteka;

(4) Mamwe mafuta okuzora;

Alkaline potassium permanganate lotion: 4g potassium permanganate inonyungudutswa mumvura, 10g potassium hydroxide inowedzerwa uye inonatswa nemvura kusvika ku100ml.Inoshandiswa kuchenesa mavara emafuta kana zvimwe organic zvinhu.

Oxalic acid lotion: 5-10g oxalic acid inonyungudutswa mu 100ml mvura, uye chiduku chiduku che hydrochloric acid chinowedzerwa.Iyi mhinduro inoshandiswa kushambidza manganese dioxide inogadzirwa mushure mekugeza kwe potassium permanganate.

Iodine-potassium iodide lotion (1g iodine uye 2g potassium iodide inonyungudutswa mumvura uye inonatswa nemvura kusvika ku100ml): inoshandiswa kugeza tsvina yakasviba yakasara ye silver nitrate.

Pure pickling solution: 1: 1 hydrochloric acid kana nitric acid.Inoshandiswa kubvisa trace ions.

Alkaline lotion: 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.Mhedzisiro yekudzikisa nekupisa iri nani.

Organic solvents (ether, ethanol, benzene, acetone): inoshandiswa kugeza mavanga emafuta kana zvinhu zvinonyungudutswa muzvinonyungudutsa.

3. Drying

Iyo glassware inofanira kushambidzwa uye kuomeswa kuti ishandiswe gare gare mushure mekuedzwa kwega kwega.Miedzo yakasiyana ine zvakasiyana zvinodiwa pachiyero chekuoma kwegirazi zviridzwa.Semuenzaniso, triangular flask inoshandiswa kuita titrating acidity inogona kushandiswa mushure mekugezwa, nepo triangular flask inoshandiswa mukugadzirisa mafuta inoda kuomeswa.Chiridzwa chinofanira kuomeswa maererano nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana.

(1) Airing yakaoma: kana usingadi nekukurumidza, inogona kuomeswa yakatsikitsira;

(2) Kuomesa: Inogona kuomeswa muchoto pa105-120 ℃ (mudziyo wekuyera haugone kuomeswa muchoto);

(3) Blow-dry: mhepo inopisa inogona kushandiswa kuomesa nekukurumidza (girazi appliance dryer).

Zvechokwadi, kana iwe uchida yakachengeteka uye inobudirira yekuchenesa nekuomesa nzira, unogonawo kusarudza laboratory glassware washer inogadzirwa ne XPZ.Iyo haigone chete kuve nechokwadi chekuchenesa maitiro, asiwo kuchengetedza nguva, simba, mvura uye basa.Murabhoritari girazi washer inogadzirwa neXPZ inotora tekinoroji yazvino yekuchenesa nyika.Inogona kupedzisa otomatiki kuchenesa, disinfection uye kuomesa nebhatani rimwe chete, ichikuunzira chiitiko chitsva chekushanda, kumhanya uye kuchengeteka.Kubatanidzwa kwekuchenesa uye kuomeswa hakungonatsiridza mwero uye kugona kwekuyedza otomatiki, asi zvakare kunoderedza zvakanyanya kusvibiswa uye kukanganisa panguva yebasa.