Mumafirimu mazhinji nemabhuku ekunyora, marabhoritari ekuongorora nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare anoonekwa senzvimbo yakakosha uye yakakosha, kunyanya nyaya yekuongororwa kweDNA inowanzova kiyi yekuwana zviratidzo nekugadzirisa nyaya.Zvisinei, kana kururama kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo yakapihwa kusina chokwadi, hazvizove humbowo hwepamutemo, tisingatauri nezvekuburitsa chokwadi mumakona akavanda. Pane chinhu chakakosha chemuviri nemakemikari icho ma laboratori ekuongorora mabhakitiriya anofanira kubata nekungwarira, uye ichocho ndechekudzivirira kuti sampuro dzeDNA dzisaongororwe murabhoritari. Parizvino, kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusvibiswa kweDNA. Pakati pazvo, mukana wekusvibiswa kweDNA wakakura kupfuura mimwe yose.

Kufanana nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekuongorora, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumarabhoritari ekuongorora zvinosvibiswa muzviitiko zvakawanda. Kunyanya, hutachiona hweDNA hunowanikwa kuburikidza nePCR reactions, zvimwe zvinhu zvekuongorora uye humbowo hwemuviri, uye vanoedza ivo pachavo ndivo vanonyanya kuoma kuona. Izvi zvinosvibisa zvinosanganisira masero emuviri, ropa, matishu, pamwe chete nezvinogadzirisa kuyedza, sipo yekugeza ndiro nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kuchena.

Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti magirazi anogona kushandiswazve muma laboratories ekuongorora mafambiro ezvirwere zvakaita semakontena emuenzaniso, mabhodhoro e reagent, machubhu ekuyedza, mapipettes, maflasks, petri dishes, nezvimwewo. Kusashandiswa zvakanaka kwavo, kusatevedzera mitemo, uye kusatevedzera mitemo mukuwacha ndezvimwe zvezvikonzero zvinoita kuti pave nemhedziso dzisina kururama dzekuzivikanwa uye kuongorora.

Rudzi urwu rwekusvibiswa kwemidziyo yegirazi idambudziko riri pachena kumhedzisiro yebvunzo, saka chii chakakosha pakugadzirisa izvi?

Chekutanga, kana paine fungidziro yekuti pane kusvibiswa kweDNA, mhinduro dzebvunzo dzinofanira kuongororwazve nenguva kuti chikanganiso chidzoke. Ichi ndicho chinhu chekutanga chaunofanira kufunga nezvacho.

Wobva waita kuti pave nekuongororwa kwemhando yepamusoro kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukuyedza, kusanganisira midziyo yegirazi, ma reagents, nezvimwewo, kuti usimbise kuti chii chakakonzera kusvibiswa.

Nekuda kweizvi, vandudzai nzira dzekuchenesa midziyo yegirazi kuti mugadzirise zvikanganiso, kuitira kuti zvikanganiso zvakafanana zvisaitike zvakare.

Chechitatu, kungosimbisa nzira dzekudzivirira kusvibiswa uye kubvisa tsvina murabhoritari kuti pave nehutungamiriri hwakarongeka ndiko chete kunogona kuita kuti nzira yekuchenesa ive nemusoro uye inoshanda.

Kutaura zvazviri, rabhoritari yekuongorora ine hunyanzvi inofanirwa kuve nenzvimbo yakatsaurirwa uye yakazvimirira yekuyedza DNA kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kusvibiswa kwadzikira muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuyedza. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo yekugamuchira nyaya uye yekuchengetera sampuro, nzvimbo yekuburitsa sampuro yeDNA, nzvimbo yekuwedzera DNA, nzvimbo yekuona DNA, nzvimbo yekutanga yekuongorora, nzvimbo yekuongorora mhedzisiro, nzvimbo yekugadzirira, nzvimbo yekuwedzera DNA, nzvimbo yekudzivirira kuona, nezvimwewo. Pakati pezvo, kuchenesa girazi munzvimbo yekugadzirira kuchabatsira zvikuru kuwedzera mukana wekukundikana kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti marabhoritari mazhinji ehunyanzvi, kusanganisira marabhoritari ekuongorora mafambiro ezvirwere, achiri kushandisa nzira dzekuchenesa nemaoko dzisina kushanda zvakanaka kugadzirisa dambudziko rezvisaririra zvekusvibiswa mumidziyo yegirazi. Asi nzira iyi hainyanyi kuvandudza njodzi yevanhu yekusvibiswa nehutachiona.

Uyezve, zvakaipa zvekuchenesa magirazi nemaoko zvinopfuura izvi.

MKucheneswa kwegirazi kamwe chete hakungogumiri pakuchenesa zvakakwana magirazi emurabhoritari uye kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekupedzisira yekuongororwa kweDNA nekuzivikanwa, asi kuchaunzawo kupesana kwakawanda kwakadai sekurasikirwa kwezviwanikwa, kuoma kwemabasa ekuchenesa, uye njodzi dzekuchengetedza vashandi verabhoritari. Panguva ino, kushandiswa kwe "a" muchina wekuwachisa magirazi otomatikikushandiswa mumarabhoritari epasi rose ekuongorora hutachiona kuchabatsira kuvandudza mamiriro ezvinhu aya.

Muchina wekuwachisa magirazi murabhoritariinogona kuchenesa magirazi akasiyana-siyana emurabhoritari nenzira yakachengeteka, yakawanda, uye nehungwaru kuti iite zvinoenderana nemitemo yakakodzera yeGMP neFDA. Kana tichienzanisa nenzira yekuchenesa nemaoko, Muchina wekuwachisa murabhoritariinogona kutevedzera maitiro ekuchenesa mukati memaitiro ese, izvo zvinobatsira kuwana zvinyorwa zvedata zvakakosha muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Data iri rinokosha zvikuru pakubvisa mamiriro ezvinhu akasara kusanganisira kusvibiswa kunosangana nekuongororwa kweDNA. Kunyanya kana paine misiyano uye kusava nechokwadi nezvemhedzisiro yekuedza!

Nekuvandudzwa kuri kuramba kuchiita matekinoroji akakodzera, ma laboratori e forensic achaita mabasa akawanda mukugadzirisa nyaya. Nenzira iyi, zvinodiwa zvechero mhinduro dzebvunzo dzemurabhoritari uye kurongeka uye kururama zvicharamba zvichiwedzera. Nzira dzinosanganisira kuongororwa kweDNA dzinogona kungovimbisa mhedzisiro yakachena uye kuwana mhedziso dzakarurama uye humbowo kana dzikabudirira mukubvisa utachiona. Ichi chinhu chinofanira kurangarira ma laboratori ese e forensic.